The individual set of self-regulation strategies that are usually used by successful students fall into three categories: personal, behavioral, and environmental.

1. Personal: These strategies usually involve how a student organizes and interprets information and can include:
   1. Organizing and transforming information
      
      • outlining
      • summarizing
      • rearrangement of materials
      • highlighting
      • flashcards/index cards
      • draw pictures, diagrams, charts
      • webs/mapping
   2. Goal setting and planning/standard setting
      
      • sequencing, timing, completing
      • time management and pacing
   3. Keeping records and monitoring
      
      • note-taking
      • lists of errors made
      • record of marks
      • portfolio, keeping all drafts of assignments
   4. Rehearsing and memorizing (written or verbal; overt or covert)
      
      • mnemonic devices
      • teaching someone else the material
      • making sample questions
      • using mental imagery
      • using repetition
2. Behavioral: These strategies involve actions that the student takes.
   
   1. Self-evaluating (checking quality or progress)
      
      • task analysis (What does the teacher want me to do? What do I want out of it?)
      • self-instructions; enactive feedback
      • attentiveness
   2. Self-consequating
      
      • treats to motivate; self-reinforcement
      • arrangement or imagination of punishments; delay of gratification
3. Environmental: These strategies involve seeking assistance and structuring of the physical study environment.
   
   1. Seeking information (library, Internet)
      
      • library resources
      • Internet resources
      • reviewing cards
      • rereading records, tests, textbooks
   2. Environmental structuring
      
      • selecting or arranging the physical setting
      • isolating/ eliminating or minimizing distractions
      • break up study periods and spread them over time
   3. Seeking social assistance
      
      • from peers
      • from teachers or other adults
      • emulate exemplary models

Next Section: How-to Instruction for Self-Regulated Learning Strategies
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